The Indian Constitution is one of the world`s most important and longest political texts. This short introduction presents an illuminating tour of the text, explaining not only what the Constitution says but also inviting readers to think critically about the theory and practice of constitutionalism in modern India. Giving identity to over a billion people, the Indian Constitution is one of the world`s great political texts. Drafted over six decades ago, its endurance and operation have fascinated and surprised many. In this short introduction, Madhav Khosla brings to light its many features, aspirations, and controversies. How does the Constitution separate power between different political actors? What form of citizenship does it embrace? And how can it change? In answering questions such as these, Khosla unravels the document`s remarkable and challenging journey, inviting readers to reflect upon the theory and practice of constitutionalism in the world`s largest democracy.